Is Your Helmet Still Doing Its Job?
When to replace it — and why it matters
Think of your helmet like a seatbelt. You might never need it, but when you do, it better be ready. Helmets have been mandatory in pro cycling since 2003, and they’re still one of the most important safety essentials for anyone on a bike. Wearing one is a great start — but knowing when it’s time to replace it is just as important.
Even a Minor Bump Can Do Damage
It doesn’t take a high-speed crash to reduce your helmet’s effectiveness. A small impact — like a fall while riding slowly, a tumble down some stairs, or a slip on a rainy street — might be enough to cause damage.
The golden rule: one impact = one new helmet.
Even if you don’t see any cracks, the inside — especially the foam — may be crushed or compromised. And unlike memory foam, it won’t spring back.
If your helmet breaks during a fall, it’s a sign it worked properly — not that it was poorly made.
Bottom line: don’t take risks. If your helmet’s been through an impact, it’s time for a new one.
Signs of Wear to Watch For
Even without an accident, time takes its toll. Materials age and wear down, eventually losing their ability to protect. A worn-out helmet isn’t always obvious at first glance, but there are some clear signs to look out for.
Here’s what to check regularly:
- Outer shell: It should be smooth, without cracks, dents, or unusual discolouration.
- Inner foam: If the EPS (expanded polystyrene) is crumbling, compressed or damaged, protection is compromised.
- Comfort padding: If it’s flattened, deteriorated, or smells like the bottom of a gym bag, it’s time for a replacement.
- Straps and buckle: These should be strong and tear-free. The buckle should snap securely and work smoothly.
- Fit dial: It should hold the helmet snugly. If it spins freely or loosens while you ride, it needs fixing.
Tip:
A quick inspection before every ride can make a big difference.
Limited Lifespan… Or Maybe Not Quite
You’ve probably heard that a helmet should be replaced every 2 to 5 years, even if it’s never been in a crash. That’s not entirely wrong — but it’s not a hard-and-fast rule either.
Factors like prolonged exposure to UV rays, humidity, temperature changes, and sweat can weaken some parts of the helmet over time. But this mostly affects the comfort and fit components (pads, straps, buckles) — not necessarily the protective EPS foam.
A study published in the Journal of Biomechanical Engineering (Kroeker et al., 2016) found that the shock-absorbing properties of EPS don’t degrade with time alone. Helmets aged 2 to 20 years were tested and showed comparable performance — as long as they hadn’t suffered an impact and showed no visible damage.
To sum up:
- Entry-level helmets (PVC shell): more vulnerable to UV and surface wear → replacement recommended after 2–3 years if wear is visible.
- Polycarbonate-shell helmets: more durable, can hold up well for 5+ years with proper care and no extreme exposure.
The manufacturing date is usually printed inside the helmet on a small sticker. A quick look can tell you how long your helmet’s been with you — and whether it’s time for a check-up.
How Much Should You Budget for a New Helmet?
Helmet prices vary widely (from around $50 to over $500), but here’s what you need to know:
- All certified helmets provide reliable basic protection, regardless of price.
- More expensive helmets usually offer: lighter weight, better ventilation, greater comfort, and sometimes extra safety tech.
- The extra investment is most worthwhile if you ride often or do long-distance or competitive cycling.
The most important thing is choosing a helmet you’ll actually wear — every single time you ride.
Safety Standards and Technologies to Know
When shopping for a new helmet, certain certifications and technologies can really make a difference:
Key Safety Standards:
- CPSC (USA): American standard, also internationally recognized.
- CE EN1078 (Europe): Required for all helmets sold in Europe.
Advanced Protection Technologies:
- MIPS (Multi-directional Impact Protection System): Adds a low-friction layer that allows the helmet to move slightly relative to your head during an angled impact, reducing rotational forces on the brain.
- SPIN (Shearing Pad INside): POC’s version using silicone pads to allow movement between the helmet and your head.
Ideally, choose a helmet with at least one of these rotational impact protection systems — they offer significantly better protection against concussions, especially in the angled impacts that make up the majority of cycling accidents.
How to Inspect Your Helmet Like a Pro
No need to reinvent the wheel — here’s a simple checklist:
- Outer shell: smooth, intact, no dents or impact marks
- EPS foam: clean, free of cracks or flattened areas
- Padding: soft, securely attached
- Straps: strong, no fraying or visible wear
- Buckles and fit dial: easy to adjust and securely lock
- Safety stickers: present, legible, and still stuck on properly
Tips to Extend Your Helmet’s Life
A little care goes a long way. Try these simple habits:
- Clean with a soft cloth and mild soapy water. Avoid harsh chemicals that can damage the materials.
- Store it out of direct sunlight, in a cool, dry place.
- Avoid unnecessary knocks: don’t toss it in a bag or drop it after a ride.
In Summary — When Should You Replace Your Helmet?
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After any impact, even a small one
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If the foam or shell shows any signs of damage
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If the straps, buckle, or fit dial are no longer working properly
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Generally after 2 to 5 years, depending on quality and usage
- Anytime you’re unsure about its condition
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